Habilidades motoras em playgrounds
uma revisão bibliográfica assistemática com base no design ergonômico
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34624/etd.v0i9.42004Palabras clave:
playground, design ergonômico, desenvolvimento infantil, habilidades motoras, interação social, atividade física, espaços de brincarResumen
A infância caracteriza-se por importantes transformações físicas, cognitivas e sociais dos indivíduos, cujo ato de brincar - especialmente em playgrounds - apresenta-se essencial para o desenvolvimento de habilidades e competências. Entretanto, ainda pouco se sabe sobre a influência do design dos equipamentos de playgrounds na interação e no ato de brincar. O presente estudo objetivou analisar o impacto do design de playgrounds nas atividades de interação e no desenvolvimento físico, cognitivo e social de crianças. A partir de uma revisão bibliográfica assistemática, foi consultado o Portal Periódicos CAPES, considerando os termos "playground", "motor skill" e "affordance", entre os anos de 2000 e 2025. Os resultados reúnem 22 estudos, cujos métodos de abordagem; amostra e faixas etárias dos participantes; e outras informações foram analisadas. Os principais achados revelaram que o design e a organização dos espaços de playground têm um impacto expressivo nos níveis de atividade física dos usuários. Intervenções que aumentaram a diversidade de equipamentos ou alteraram a disposição dos mesmos foram associadas a um aumento no engajamento físico. Ao integrar elementos variados e considerar as necessidades específicas de diferentes grupos de crianças, o design de playground, baseado em princípios ergonómicos, pode se tornar um espaço fundamental para o engajamento e desenvolvimento saudável dos usuários.
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